Computer Architecture Essay

1. Describe Von von Neumann architecture and explain why it is important. The Von Neumann architecture explains the architecture of an electronic computing device. It is attributed to be root of every electronic computer that has ever been made. According to Von Neumann architecture an electronic computer has Control Unit, arithmetic Logic Unit, Memory &type A scuttlebutt / production Devices. The following diagram shows this architecture-Memory Memory holds both entropy and the operating instructions.Control Unit The Control Unit manages the movement of in take formation and instructions in and place of the entrepot and also deals with sequential reserveing out(a) of the programs. Arithmetic Logic Unit Carries out on the whole the calculations on the entropy. Apart from operations like addition, subtraction etc, greater than, less than etc would also be provided. Input / Output Input/output devices to feed into the selective information and take out the data. This comp anent served interaction with the human who was operating the device The most grassroots principle of development of Von Neumann architecture was that it not just retentiond the data and the computation that was involved it also stored the set of orders and instructions that had resulted in the computation.The immaculate set of instructions were stored in what is c eithered as registers and the control unit utilize to process this in a sequential manner which means one at a time. In this architecture the instructions were encoded into numeric form and the data as well as the instructions were hence stored in the memory. The Von Neumann Architecture is important beca character it led to the development of the earliest computers. plain the computers we see today, that atomic number 18 fifth generation and have a drastically different architecture, draw their parallels from Von Neumann Architecture. Obviously at that place has been lot of improvements. However, the tail of having memory, control unit, input / output devices still cadaver full to all the machines. Von Neumann architecture piece of ass hence be easily regarded as mother of all computer architectural designs. 2. Explain what a dust bus is and why it is needed.The system bus is the pathway over which the data travels amidst the CPU and the rest of the components on the motherboard. The system bus focal ratio is defined as the capacity to move the data through the system, as it is the travel that connects the different parts of the system. The front-side bus (FSB) is that part of the bus which is trusty to carry the data between RAM and the CPU. FSB is the part that unremarkably has the greatest effect on the performance of the system. A system with superior processors and components would need to have a fast front-side bus. Bus speed is quite a important and can have a significant impact in the performance of the machine. The data in a system is stored, manipulated and proce ssed in the system memory.The system needs to move this information in and out of memory, and at the same time, a track of which data is stored at which kettle of fish need. This entire info travels using the system bus. If the bus speed is low, there will be a very low transmission data speed, leading to the computer working very slowly. We know that in all the modern systems that we use, the processor is running at a speed that is practically faster than the memory bus. If we compute the ratio of processer speed to bus speed (something called as bus multiplier), we will find that the lower the multiplier the give it is. If the multiplier is large, it would mean that the bus speed is slow as analyze to the processor speed, in which case the processor will remain idle.On the other hand, if the bus speed is higher, then much data can be fed to the processor resulting in lower latency (time to range a request). 3. Summarize the use of Boolean operators in computer-based calculat ions. Boolean Operators be the most popular operators used for computer based calculations. Boolean operators are simple words (AND, OR, NOT or AND NOT) which are used to carry out these calculations.Together, these keywords help in finding, joining or excluding a crabby keyword in a search and hence arrive at results efficiently. These operators and their use can greatly help in saving time by doing searches for getting to on-target results which are more relevant and accurate to the questions/needs that are posed. Every different search engine makes use of Boolean operators in varying fashion. While doing Boolean based calculations, a lot of law of proximity operators can be used to combine strings which can then help with the search. A brief overview of various operators is given below-AND This Boolean operate requires both the landmarks to be in each stop reoff. For example, if only one of the term is contained in the document and the other is absent, the circumstance is excluded OR This Boolean operator would return either term (or plain both the terms) NOT While using this Boolean operator, the first term is searched, and then any records containing the term after the operators are subtracted from the results. Using Parentheses to allow in different strings will help in giving more customized and accurate results for the operation. 4. Categorize the various types of memory and remembering.Computers need to have a storage space and memory units to store information and to run programs. thither are various types of memory and storage, with various specifications and different purposes. These different types of memory and storage are- Random Access Memory (RAM)RAM stores the data on a temporary basis, and as such it can be quickly/promptly accessed by the processor. This information, which includes both the application data and the data related to operating system, is loaded from the seriously disk of the computer. The catch provided is that as soon as the system is switched off, all the stored information is lost. take aim Only Memory (ROM)Unlike RAM, ROM is active, even if the system is turned off thus making it somewhat a permanent non-volatile storage memory. The contents of ROM cannot be modified. ROM has all the data which should be present so that the computer can carry out the frequent functions.. CacheCache is a more responsive memory than RAM. The CPU, in case of Cache, for finding the required information the CPU first searches the squirrel away memory before searching the central memory storage areaComputer Hard DriveThis has a set of devices that are integral components of data storage components in the CPU. This particular memory has different ranges and a particular user may chose the size of the memory. The hard disks can store a very large amount of information, including photos, videos, music, documents, programs and more and this memory remains even after your computer is turned off.External hard disksAn outside hard disk is a great way to store more digital photos, videos, music, and other large files. It can add huge strength to the storage space on your computers internal hard disk.Flash MemoryUnlike the other storage and memory options, this is a portable storage and felicitates a convenient data transfer between two computers. Easy deletion and re-programming of data is possible as per the users requirements.ReferencesBackus, J. 1978. Can programming be liberated from the von Neumann appearance? A functional style and its algebra of programs. Communications of the ACM 21, 8, (August), 613-641. Myers, G. J. 1982. Advances in Computer Architecture. caper Wiley & Sons, New York. von Neumann, John (1945), First Draft of a enunciate on the EDVAC, retrieved August 24, 2011 Linda Null Julia Lobur (2010). The essentials of computer organization and architecture (3rd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 36,199203. ISBN 978-1-4496-0006-8.