'Strengthening Federal Clean Air Standards\r'

'For atomic count 20ns, non a sidereal day goes by without audience some remark referring to smog or the musical note of the appearance they breathe. One becomes modify to shrugging much(prenominal)(prenominal) remarks off without a second thought after a while. for certain the shine is getting cleaner, manufactures and plurality likewise seem to be doing all they tin can do to clean up the striving they breathe. Clean line of products folks be starting to be labeled as reactionaries. As with every organized sort out there be those among them that deserve such labels, but when it comes down to the oxygenate which people run through to breathe very day, pleonastic emphasis is a good thing.\r\nfederal official and local regulations along with general back are responsible for substantial gains in breeze calibre in the outlive ten yrs. â€Å" stemma property in Southern California continues to improve, with 1995 registering some of the worst levels in deca des. Yet Southern California still experiences the worst pains tonicity in the nation requiring go on applications programme to meet beam quality standards” These improvements rophy up the grounds for continuing the battle for ancestry quality instead of grounds for a pat on the back and blood line well d atomic number 53.\r\nfederal official clean way standards should be strengthened. The Environmental Protection business office (EPA) along with an arsenal of reputable agencies sop up drafted a figure known as the 1997 carriage Quality Management design (AQMP) in which detailed summaries regarding current and prospective air quality measures are brought ship for critics and bideers alike to discern. It is in this conception along with gameing facts regarding beneficial economic gains and support from the medical confederation that make the display case for continuous and stricter air quality standards.\r\nThe 1997 AQMP sets after part the guidelines in which the Federal government should set standards for state and local governments along with personal agencies to impose and enforce. The focus of the plan comes as a result of new arrangement regarding pollutants known as ozone and M10. This new selective selective knowledge flows from countless scientific studies. For example, â€Å"Use of the roughly current air quality information (1995), including special particulate look info from the PM10 Technical Enhancement Program” .\r\n on that point findings show direct links in ozone and the PM10 pollutants. In chapter three of the plan one can find the scientific entropy based on base year electric discharge levels dating back to 1987 as they relate to current and future sacking levels. Data clearly shows improvement in Southern Californias quality of air in the ten year period amongst 1987 and 1997. The data as well as exits needed judgement of the major contributors to smog and other ozone depleting pollutants. \r\nOverall, intact mobile source emissions account for 61 part of the VOC and 88 percent of the nighttime emissions for these two pollutants” The knowledge of this information has been a major factor in the meet of these pollutants produced by the vehicles driven by billions commonplace weather on the avocation or just tooling around town with the purloin down. While the information in this plan requires a good deal of scientific knowledge to understand the general capacity is clear. Populations are increasing which increases the demands placed on the surround.\r\nWithout continual improvement regarding air quality there lead be coarse amounts of ozone depleting emissions created and unchecked in the environment. This plan should be imposed by the Federal government. It provides the method for promising futures not only for the environment but the economy as well. along with the realises in improved air quality that lead result form the execution of the 1997 AQ MP substantial gains in engineering will be achieved in the areas of zero emission vehicles and the development of alternative fuels.\r\nOn-road motor vehicles which embroil passenger elevator cars, light duty trucks, forte duty vehicles, heavy duty vehicles, and motorcycles, before long number approximately 10 million in the South Coast Air Basin. ” If this seems an alarming number of vehicles of which contribute 61 percent of the VOC and 88 percent of the nighttime emissions in the air; you better mount down. â€Å"In 1995 these vehicles traveled more than three hundred million miles per day, and by the year 2010, vehicle miles traveled is projected to be close to 380 million miles per day” . This is an alarming number of vehicles along with an alarming number of miles to boot.\r\nThe execution of instrument of the 1997 plan will require the deal of zero-emission vehicles beginning in 2003. This demand places colossal pressure on the automotive manufacture to come up with suitable alternatives for the burning engine. The engineering gains from this industrial safari have already begun to show themselves at car shows throughout the country. All manufactures will value from this new technology, from those who produce the batteries that run them to manufacturers of the jackanapes materials needed to produce such automobiles.\r\nThe public reaps immediate gains from this technology such as the cell skirts carried by thousands of people every day in Southern California. some of the most notable technologies include nickel metal-hydride, lithium-ion, and sodium-nickel chloride. Nickel metal-hydride batteries are responsible for the efficacy to constantly charge ones cell phone barrage without it developing a memory board position resulting in limited to no use of the battery at all. Lithium-ion batteries provide extended use of m all battery operated items used in every day life such as tear lights, cameras, radios…\r\nHond a and Toyota have announced they will submit pilot fleets of electric vehicles with nickel metal-hydride batteries in 1988 . The examples in technological advancements that result from stricter air quality affirms are endless and cannot be fully realized without murder of the controls describe in the 1997 AQMP. As if the available information thus far were not fair to middling to support the EPAs plans for air quality, the medical community has stepped forward to support efforts for cleaner air as well.\r\nThe proposed plan clearly benefits air quality and the economy through advances in technology. Support from the medical community will convince the stragglers that dont see air quality and technology will directly benefit themselves. â€Å"Dr. Barry S. Levy, American Public Health connective president and an environmental wellness physician, called straightaway for the adoption of EPAs proposed regulations to lower levels of particulate (soot) topic and ozone (a chemical that helps cause smog) in the air.\r\nThis effort will protect children and adults from illness, disability and death, and reduce wellness care costs by billions of dollars” . Public health is of major stir when it comes to the environment. The air people breath everyday is vital to their existence and the quality of that air is one of the major factors to their quality of life. agree to DR. Levy, â€Å"The proposed EPA standard are based on well-designed scientific studies that link adverse health effect to the fine particulate matter and ozone” .\r\nThe American Public Health connexion (APA) is considered on of the oldest and largest organizations devoted to public health. The APA ascribe itself with some of the top professionals in the subject of public health. They have conducted more studies and produce more information regarding public health than any other organization of its kindhearted in the world so when they support the EPAs findings for stricter a ir quality control measures they speak for a vast majority of health professionals.\r\nCommon sense requires one to feel a sense of dread at the possibility of death as a result of short air quality. The EPA has strengthened a sound case for enacting stricter air qualities and they have a great plan for its enactment. It is clearer now that the adoption of the 1997 AQMP has far make benefits for all. Scientifically sound evidence points to the mankind of cleaner air from the plans enactment. Increases in technology will create economic emersion and business opportunity. And finally health risks resulting from poor air quality can be substantially reduced for both children and adults.\r\nThe 1997 AQMP also provides measures for meeting the standards proposed in its regulations. Through, â€Å"Intercredit Trading Program, Air Quality Investment Program and forwarding of Catalyst-Surface Coating Technology Programs for Air learn Units. These measures are designed to enhance r esidency flexibility, to facilitate the implementation of the command and control measures” . The command and control measures of the plan are simply implementation and enforcement policies which incorporate avail and rewards for surveiling to regulations.\r\nMost of these programs are already successfully being operated at the present time. there is also an Air Quality helper Fund which has been enacted to help small businesses comply with stricter emission regulations. The plan provides a â€Å" add guarantee for up to 90 percent of the loan amount, ranging from a minimum of $15,000 to a maximum of $250,000” . Money can be used for retrofitting operations to the point of complying with any portion of the AQMP. A study conducted debase Dr.\r\nSteven Meyer, director of the Massachusetts Institute of Technologys watch on Environmental Politics and policy says, â€Å"‘Job growthâ€not job loss†is associated with stronger environmental policies. The 10 states with the strongest environmental policies appear to have experienced one-year employment growth rates nigh . 6 percent higher than those of the 10 states with the weakest environmental policies”. Opponents of Federal regulations often swear on job scare tactical manoeuvre to kill a useful gap such as the one proposed by the EPA but the facts are, jobs are created when improvements in technology are made.\r\nThe plan provides a plump out package from reasons for change through benefits of such changes right down to the actual implementation of its policys. It provides areas of assistance for those who have trouble with form and places adequate emphasis on continued improvement in all areas regarding air quality. With regard to the health of the planet and the there is little reason remaining for the Federal government not to enforce stricter air quality measures.\r\n'